Recovery And Rebirth The Age Of The Renaissance

Chapter 12 Outline Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the Renaissance Meaning and Characteristics of the Renaissance **Italian Renaissance primarily of the wealthy upper class of elite rather than mass movement** Urban Society Renaissance Italy a result of its commercial preeminence and political evolution, northern Italy (mid-14th century) was mostly a land of independent cities that dominated the country districts surrounding. the city-states were the centers of Italian political, economic, and social life. a secular spirit emerged as increasing wealth created new possibilities for the enjoyment of worldly things. Age of Recovery recovery from the â€Å"calamitous fourteenth century† Italy and Europe began slowly recuperation from the Black Death, political disorder, and economic recession. Rebirth of Classical Culture a rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity affected activities as diverse as politics and art led to new attempts to reconcile the pagan philosophy of the Greco-Roman world with Christian thought new ways of viewing human beings. Recovery of the Individual revived emphasis on individual ability â€Å"Men can do all things if they will.† ~ Leon Battista Alberti. high regards for human dignity and worth and a realization of individual potentiality created a new social idea of the well-rounded personality or universal person (l’uomo universale). Making of Renaissance Society Economic Recovery Hanseatic League a commercial and military association formed by a numberShow MoreRelatedThe Rebirth Of Ancient Cultures1462 Words   |  6 Pages2015 The Rebirth of Ancient Cultures in Renaissance Florence Florence, Italy is known as the â€Å"cradle of the Renaissance† (la culla del Rinascimento). It is a city full of beautiful architecture, art, and history. The Renaissance was a powerful cultural movement that not only shaped all aspects of Florentine life, but eventually the rest of Europe. Science, art, literature, philosophy, religion, architecture, and politics have seen heavy influences by this movement. The term Renaissance literallyRead MoreThe French Revolution And The American Revolution1051 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance-literally means rebirth in French. Revolution- A fundamental change that requires a goal that wants to be achieved, a leader or leaders follower and supporters of the cause. There are many different types of revolutions. Economic Revolution- A fundamental change in how people deal with money and other currency related issues. For example, Europe and many other countries have a different money system. Political Revolution- A fundamental change in the way a government is run. This kindRead MoreCharacteristics Of The Italian Renaissance1299 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Italian Renaissance Renaissance means rebirth in the French language, the renaissance happened between the fifteenth century and sixteenth century. Beginning in Italy, the Renaissance was an era that rediscovered the culture of ancient Greece and Rome in the fourteenth century and witnessed a continuation of the economic, political, and social trends. Jacob Burck-hardt, a swiss historian and art critic, created the Renaissance in his celebrated book The Civilization of the Renaissance in ItalyRead MoreItalian Renissance and the Reformation1005 Words   |  5 Pages The Renaissance and Reformation were two very important periods of time in European history that included change in culture and religion. The Renaissance happened before the reformation. The Renaissance was the rebirth of art, literature, and architecture. The reformation focused mainly on reforming the Catholic Church from its evil ways. Out of the Catholic Church came the protestant church. There were many different characteristics of the Renaissance. The main one is that society had a secularRead MoreThe Renaissance Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance Renaissance is the period of European history that saw a renewed interest in the arts. The Renaissance began in 14th-century Italy and spread to the rest of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. In this period, the fragmented feudal society of the Middle Ages, with its agricultural economy and church-dominated intellectual and cultural life, was transformed into a society increasingly dominated by central political institutions, with an urban, commercial economy and lay patronageRead MoreThe Renissance was a Cultural Movement of Humanism718 Words   |  3 PagesThe Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the period roughly from the 14th to 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. The term renaissance came from the French word meaning rebirth. The defining concept of the Renaissance was humanism. Humanism was a distinct movement because it broke from the medieval tradition of having pious religious motivation for cr eating art or works of literature. The Renaissance humanism was a collectionRead MoreThe Critical Impacts Of The Harlem Renaissance1066 Words   |  5 Pageshumanity’s recorded history is a creative balance between horrors endured and victories achieved, and so it was during the Harlem Renaissance. Although the Harlem Renaissance underlines the trouble of ethnic issue knowledgeable by African Americans all through the twentieth century. There were numerous critical impacts, for instance, artistic the growth. The Harlem Renaissance was an energetic affiliation amongst the 1920s where African Americans started composed and transported artistry and writing oneRead MoreSacred Music in the Age of Rebirth Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pages The Renaissance has not ceased to be an age of discussion and debate among historians throughout the recent centuries. The vibrant nature of the era marks it as a most fascinating period of history. The Renaissance can be described as an age carry ing the essence of â€Å"self-discovery and fulfillment, of recognition of human worth, and a dynamic outpouring of artistic activity.† This new world flourishing with art and creative optimism was also steeped in a spirit of â€Å"revolt of the Medievalists.† Read MoreThe Philosophical Point Of Humanism1733 Words   |  7 Pages intellect.gif (9933 bytes) Renaissance Humanism Humanism is the term generally applied to the predominant social philosophy and intellectual and literary currents of the period from 1400 to 1650. The return to favor of the pagan classics stimulated the philosophy of secularism, the appreciation of worldly pleasures, and above all intensified the assertion of personal independence and individual expression. Zeal for the classics was a result as well as a cause of the growing secular view of lifeRead MoreFrancis Bacon Essay example1282 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential works were vastly impacted by the tenets of the Renaissance period. Even Thomas Jefferson, one of the founding fathers of our nation, credited being influenced by Bacon’s essays (McDougal 455). One of the core ideologies determined by his works is humanism which depicts how logic and knowledge derived from ancient Greek and Roman records can provide the best guides for learning and living. Even more, Bacon, who was inspired by the Renaissance notions of humanis m, significantly contributed to contemporary

Death Penalty Essay - 1146 Words

Thesis It is more reasonable to utilize the death penalty than to abolish it. The death penalty should not be abolished because (1) it deters people from committing murder and (2) because the death penalty gives peace of mind to the victims and their families and puts an end to the crime.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Arguments for the thesis (1) The death penalty should not be abolished because the fear of the highest form of punishment will keep potential victims alive. (2) The death penalty should not be abolished because the families of the victims can only begin the healing process once the murderer is put to death. Response to objections to the thesis (1) Objection: The death penalty should be abolished because even the†¦show more content†¦(1) Most murders happen in the passion of the moment, however, serial killers, burglars, gang members, and others who plan their crime in advance can and do think of the possibilities. Many criminals don’t carry weapons while committing crimes, for example, to keep from killing, as Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania recalls: My twelve years’ experience in the Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office convinced me that the death penalty is a deterrent to crime. I saw many cases where professional burglars and robbers refused to carry weapons, for fear that a killing would occur and they would be charged with murder in the first degree, carrying the death penalty.(2) Because the death penalty is final and more feared than imprisonment, it deters some prospective murderers not deterred by the thought of imprisonment. Abolitionist’s main argument is that capitol punishment can’t remove the evil from society. No matter what the juridical laws that a country holds, heinous crimes will haunt and spread fear throughout as long as mankind is on this earth. There have been numerous studies that have concluded that the death penalty is not a deterrent. One of which is from the National Academy of Sciences. They concluded: â€Å"it seems unthinkable to us to base decisions onShow MoreRelatedPro Death Penalty Speech1482 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduce myself before we get started. My name is Slick Perry and if you didn’t already know, I am the state governor of Texas. You are all aware that we are reviewing our recidivism rate to various crimes and reviewing our stance regarding the death penalty as we approach 2009. Everyone here understands that capital punishment is a very controversial topic in the United States. In Texas, from December 1982 through August 2008, only 361 criminals of the millions of Texans in our good state were executedRead MoreThe Truth About The Death Penalty973 Words   |  4 Pages In her article â€Å"The Truth About The Death Penalty†, Carina Kolodny argues that the death penalty should be abolished in all fifty states due to the fact that it is ineffective and very expensive. Kolodny believes that capital punishment has too many complications and variables that cause it be more of an issue than a real solution for capital offenses. She proposes that the death penalty should be dropped and exchanged for better programs such as Proposition 34, which replaces capital punishmentRead MoreThe Bible and Death Penal ty Essay example812 Words   |  4 Pagesa person’s view of the Bible influence what they think about the death penalty for murderers.† I would like to see if a person’s view of the bible influence what they think of the death penalty. This is interesting to me because I am interested in the field of criminal justice and the death penalty is a huge topic to this day. There are many journals that talk about studies that were done on religion and views of the death penalty which have to do with my topic of interest. My hypothesis is thatRead MoreEssay on Death Penalty: Capital Punishment and Violent Crime1570 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment and Violent Crime Hypothesis Most Americans are pro-death penalty, even though they dont really believe that it is an effective deterrent to violent crime. Those who are pro-death penalty will remain so, even if faced with the best arguments of anti-death penalty activists and told to assume the arguments were absolutely true. Violent crime Violent crime is a major problem in the United States. According to the ACLU, the violent crime rate rose sixty-one percentRead MoreEssay on Article Analysis: OSullivans View of the Death Penalty1536 Words   |  7 PagesBritain should have the death penalty. O’Sullivan addresses all the main counter arguments when explain to his audience his conclusion. His supporting evidence includes death penalty decisions in history and several other statistics. Emotionally terms, faulty cause and effects scenarios, and either/or point of views are other ways the author conveys his opinion to the audience. The article begins with an overall theme threw out O’Sullivan’s piece: does the death penalty appropriately punishRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Justified1143 Words   |  5 PagesAllison Shu 2/25/16 Period 2 Objective paper on the death penalty Capital punishment is legally authorized killing as punishment for a crime. The death penalty questions the morality of killing a person as justification for their crime. It also brings to question whether the death penalty actually serves as a deterrent for crime, and that some of the people executed are found innocent afterwards. The debates over the constitutionality of the death penalty and whether capital punishment should be usedRead MoreThe Death Penalty For Juveniles946 Words   |  4 Pages The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crimeRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Mandatory?925 Words   |  4 Pagesopinions on the subject. When we were discussing the death penalty although my opinion didn’t change, after hearing what some of my classmates had to say about the subject during our lab I was able to respectfully see why they had those thoughts and feelings about the subject. I believe that we should have the death penalty, and that it helps prevents more crime from happening. However, during our lab students that thought we should ban the death penalty had some pretty interesting reasons behind theirRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1805 Words   |  8 Pagesthat we all know is the death penalty. This penalty has been going around for years. To many people it might be the best way of punishing a person. On the other hand there are people who think that if you kill a person you should be sentenced to die as well. For me I would say it might not be the best way and it not working as many would like it. When choosing if you are for the death penalty you have to okay with an insect person dyei ng or even a family member being in death row. I know that is somethingRead MoreThe Death Penalty : An Effective Reliable Tool904 Words   |  4 Pagesthe death penalty has been a frequent topic of discussion, as our recent technological advancements have evidently led individuals to consider the â€Å"new found† legitimacy of our court systems, as statistics display that our previous racial bias and the apparent morality of the practice itself have a miniscule impact on our conviction rate. Both the advancements and ethics that the death penalty provides become apparent through the utilization of anecdotes and statistics, as the death penalty has prevailed

Ethics approaches free essay sample

Ethics approaches BY tealx021 Ethics in Communication After reading about the ethical considerations considering interpersonal and group communication, there are many similarities. The two differ in the sense of size. This leads to more considerations in the larger of the two, group communication, where there may be many different interpersonal relationships within the small group. However, for this analysis, like the book, I will focus on ethical considerations of the small group as a whole. Interpersonal relationships are unique in themselves, as each one is different han the next. One major ethical consideration in this context is fairness. When people are interdependent, or share mutuality, there are almost always issues of fairness or Justice that arise. These two issues are most commonly based off of individuals feelings and relational satisfaction. In our culture, this sense of Justice or fairness can be attributed to the distribution of rewards in proportion to each partners contributions. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics approaches or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Relationships are often times weighed on costs and rewards. When this cost-reward system is unbalanced in relationships, we often see issues rise. Another major consideration in interpersonal relationships is privacy and autonomy, or openness and closeness. In communication, this comes down to self- disclosure. Issues can arise if one partner in the relationship is disclosing too much or too little about themselves, and there is an unbalance between the two relational partners. One major issue in relationships is Jealousy, which can stem from any of these ethical considerations. In small-group communication, there are a few unique ethical considerations that arise. One major issue in small groups is groupthink. Groupthink is the practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. Another unique ethical consideration is issues that involve symbolic convergence within in-groups and out- groups. Symbolic convergence can create or develop stereotypes or exclusion within and outside a small group setting. Small-group and interpersonal relationships do also share ethical issues in communication. One of these is the issue of responsibility, which can be constituted as individual responsibility or the other affects responsibility of the whole relationship, and each one. In small-groups, individual responsibility can be hampered by groupthink or Symbolic convergence. In interpersonal relationships, individual responsibility can be hampered by lack of fairness, or lack of interdependence based on self-disclosure. Much or this is based on context, but interpersonal and small group communication share these same ethical considerations. Many of these ethical issues surrounding interpersonal communication can be channeled well through dialogical ethics. Dialogical ethics involves approaching decisions by considering attitudes and behaviors, and illingness or ability of each participant to surrender ones self-interest. This involves having an open mind, and viewing you and the relational partner as equals, almost putting yourself in the other persons shoes, setting aside your perceptual interpersonal relationships. I can attribute this to my own experience, as I feel many of the arguments I have with friends or family members would be solved if we each put ourselves in each others shoes. A good approach to small-group communication is the virtue ethics approach. This approach puts a lot of emphasis on character, and oesnt put a set of rules in place that could potentially cause ethical issues involved in groupthink or stereotypes. This approach would hold people accountable based on character, and would promote creativity and good ideas within a small group. In my own experience in small-groups, everything comes down to virtue, including responsibility, prudence, etc. Many issues could be solved with this approach in a small group context. Both mentioned approaches would fit well in both interpersonal and group relationships, but I feel that I have placed them in their best-fit places.

The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn Review of Chapters 1 through 5 Essay Example

The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn: Review of Chapters 1 through 5 Essay Howard Zinn is arguably the most important American historian. He brought a radical transformation to the construction of history that was previously unheard of. By siding with the oppressed, the underprivileged, the victims, the poor and the weak, he made their voices heard through his writing. The People’s History of the United States is a landmark scholarly achievement in this regard. It ushered in the trend of subaltern study and analysis to history departments in American Colleges (although many major educational institutions have not yet embraced this book). More importantly, the book has brought balance to historical recounting of events, where erstwhile only the elite point of view was accepted and made available to the public. In this context it is interesting to scrutinize the rationale and the thought process of the author in his choice of chapter titles and their contents. The rest of this essay is an attempt to do the same with respect to the first five chap ters of the book in question. The first chapter is titled ‘Columbus, the Indians and Human Progress’. Irony is writ large in this title, as the contents of this chapter are about one of the greatest undertakings of genocide in human history. With wry humor and a deep sense of loss, the conscientious Howard Zinn reminds us that the so-called ‘discovery’ of America is as much the ‘decimation’ of indigenous peoples of the land. Columbus Day is taught to young kids as a day of celebration and patriotic reminiscence. But as Zinn offers by way of copious factual evidence, starting from the islands of the Caribbean to lands in central America to later landings in Jamestown, Virginia, the European ‘discovery’ of America in unequivocally the start of the demise of native cultures and populations that had rightfully claimed it its home. (Chapter 1, page 7) The term ‘human progress’ is again included for its irony, for, the European settlers invariably carr ied out systematic displacement, enslavement and massacre of native Indians – all under the noble guise of ‘human progress’. In fact, Christopher Columbus and subsequent Spanish conquistadors in South America sincerely seemed to have believed that they were acting the will of Jesus Christ even as they were ordering the most heinous of crimes. (Chapter 1, page 9) We will write a custom essay sample on The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn: Review of Chapters 1 through 5 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn: Review of Chapters 1 through 5 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn: Review of Chapters 1 through 5 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second chapter is titled ‘Drawing the Color Line’. This is a straight forward title representing one of the earliest and deep-rooted malice in American society – that of racism. The skin color of the native Indians as well as African slaves were both taken as sufficient justification for their subordinate status. As the opening lines to the chapter notes, â€Å"There is not a country in world history in which racism has been more important, for so long a time, as the United States. And the problem of â€Å"the color line,† as W. E. B. Du Bois put it, is still with us. So it is more than a purely historical question to ask: How does it start?—and an even more urgent question: How might it end? Or, to put it differently: Is it possible for whites and blacks to live together without hatred?† (Chapter 2, p.61) Right from the days of early corn and tobacco plantations in Jamestown, the labor force for working on these plantations were developed on color lines. The blacks and natives were recognized for their physical strength and dexterity to do farm work. Even between the two groups, blacks were preferred to the natives for reasons of pride. It is documented by early pioneers, how, despite their superior technology and civilization, European settlers could not compete on equal terms in taming the land and availing of its resources. Native Indians were masters at exploiting natural resources to their best advantage. The challenges of early settlers were largely to stave off starvation in light of lack of agricultural expertise. Hurt by pride to learn from the natives and adopt their savage way of life, the settlers wanted a captive labor force to create subsistence crops. African slaves provided the answer for this need. And ever since, the American population has remained divided ac ross this ‘color line’. Hence Zinn’s references this term. â€Å"This unequal treatment, this developing combination of con ­tempt and oppression, feeling and action, which we call â€Å"racism†Ã¢â‚¬â€was this the result of a â€Å"natural† antipathy of white against black? The question is important, not just as a matter of historical accuracy, but because any emphasis on â€Å"natural† racism lightens the responsibility of the social system.† (Chapter 2, page 80) Chapter 3 is titled ‘Persons of Mean and Vile Condition’. The persons of such abomination were none other than disadvantaged white settlers. The title is instructive of how the ruling elite can arbitrarily assign negative labels to groups they find inferior or un-cooperative. Here, the persons of ‘mean and vile condition’ are disgruntled white settlers pushed to the corners of the Western frontier, near to the Appalachians. They were treated as second class citizens as they were not allowed ownership of land in the more fertile Eastern regions. This gave rise to a stead accumulation of feelings of resentment and disappointment, the culmination of which was the outright militant rebellion mastered by Nathaniel Bacon. Indeed, a whole century prior to the revered American Declaration of Independence, Bacon and his contingency had given their own manifesto titled Declaration of the People. (Chapter 3, page 106) In many ways this document has more democratic credentials than its famous successor. Yet that is not how the agents of the British Crown would like to paint this uprising. Instead the participants of this legitimate uprising, borne out of perceived injustice, were marked as ‘persons of mean and vile condition’. It must be noted though that Bacon and his supporters were as much victims as victimizers, for they took out their grievances against the Crown on the innocent Indians. This duplicity and flaw is alluded to by Zinn in the following passage: â€Å"‘The Bacon’s â€Å"Declaration of the People’ of July 1676 shows a mixture of populist resentment against the rich and frontier hatred of the Indians. It indicted the Berkeley administration for unjust taxes, for putting favorites in high positions, for monopolizing the beaver trade, and for not protecting the western farmers from the Indians. Then Bacon went out to attack the friendly Pamunkey In ­dians, killing eight, taking others prisoner, plundering their pos ­sessions.† (Chapter 3, page 106)

The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976

The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976 The magnitude 7.8 earthquake that struck Tangshan, China on July 28, 1976, killed at least 242,000 people (the official death count). Some observers place the actual toll as high as 700,000. The Great Tangshan Earthquake also rocked the seat of Chinese Communist Party power in Beijing - both literally and politically. Background to the Tragedy - Politics and the Gang of Four in 1976 China was in a state of political ferment in 1976. The Party Chairman, Mao Zedong, was 82 years old. He spent much of that year in the hospital, suffering several heart attacks and other complications of old age and heavy smoking. Meanwhile, the Chinese public and the western-educated Premier, Zhou Enlai, had grown weary of the excesses of the Cultural Revolution. Zhou went so far as to publicly oppose some of the measures ordered by Chairman Mao and his coterie, pushing for The Four Modernizations in 1975. These reforms stood in marked contrast to the Cultural Revolutions emphasis on a return to the soil; Zhou wanted to modernize Chinas agriculture, industry, sciences, and national defense. His calls for modernization incurred the wrath of the powerful Gang of Four, a cabal of Maoist hardliners headed by Madam Mao (Jiang Qing). Zhou Enlai died on January 8, 1976, just six months before the Tangshan Earthquake. His death was mourned widely by the Chinese people, despite the fact that the Gang of Four had ordered that public grief for Zhou should be down-played. Nonetheless, hundreds of thousands of defiant mourners flooded into Tiananmen Square in Beijing to express their sorrow over Zhous death. This was the first mass demonstration in China since the founding of the Peoples Republic in 1949, and a sure sign of the peoples rising anger against the central government. Zhou was replaced as premier by the unknown Hua Guofeng. Zhous successor as the standard-bearer for modernization within the Chinese Communist Party, however, was Deng Xiaoping. The Gang of Four rushed to denounce Deng, who had called for reforms to raise the living standards of average Chinese, allow more freedoms of expression and movement, and end the rampant political persecution that was practiced at that time. Mao fired Deng in April of 1976; he was arrested and held incommunicado. Nevertheless, Jiang Qing and her cronies kept up a steady drumbeat of condemnation for Deng throughout the spring and early summer. The Ground Shifts Beneath Them At 3:42 am on July 28, 1976, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck Tangshan, an industrial city of 1 million people in northern China. The quake leveled about 85% of the buildings in Tangshan, which had been built on the unstable soil of the Luanhe Rivers flood plain. This alluvial soil liquefied during the quake, undermining entire neighborhoods. Structures in Beijing also sustained damage, some 87 miles (140 kilometers) distant. People as far away as Xian, 470 miles (756 kilometers) from Tangshan, felt the tremors. Hundreds of thousands of people lay dead after the quake, and much more were trapped in the rubble. Coal miners working deep underground in the region perished when the mines collapsed around them. A series of aftershocks, the most powerful registering 7.1 on the Richter Scale, added to the destruction. All of the roads and rail-lines leading into the city were destroyed by the quake. Beijings Internal Response At the time the earthquake struck, Mao Zedong lay dying in the hospital in Beijing. As tremors rippled through the capital, hospital officials rushed to push Maos bed to safety. The central government, headed by the new premiere, Hua Guofeng, initially knew little of the disaster. According to an article in the New York Times, coal miner Li Yulin was the first to bring word of the devastation to Beijing. Dirty and exhausted, Li drove an ambulance for six hours, going right up to the party leaders compound to report that Tangshan had been destroyed. However, it would be days before the government organized the first relief operations. In the meantime, the surviving people of Tangshan desperately dug through the rubble of their homes by hand, stacking the corpses of their loved ones in the streets. Government planes flew overhead, spraying disinfectant over the ruins in an effort to prevent an epidemic of disease. Several days after the earthquake, the first Peoples Liberation Army troops reached the devastated area to aid in rescue and recovery efforts. Even when they finally arrived at the scene, the PLA lacked trucks, cranes, medicines, and other necessary equipment. Many of the soldiers were forced to march or run for miles to the site due to the lack of passable roads and rail lines. Once there, they too were forced to dig through the rubble with their bare hands, lacking even the most basic tools. Premiere Hua made the career-saving decision to visit the affected area on August 4, where he expressed his sorrow and condolences to the survivors. According to London University professor Jung Changs autobiography, this behavior contrasted starkly with that of the Gang of Four. Jiang Qing and the other members of the Gang went on the air to remind the nation that they shouldnt allow the earthquake to distract them from their first priority: to denounce Deng. Jiang also publicly stated that There were merely several hundred thousand deaths. So what? Denouncing Deng Xiaoping concerns eight hundred million people. Beijings International Response Although the state-run media took the unusual step of announcing the catastrophe to Chinas citizens, the government remained mum about the earthquake internationally. Of course, other governments around the world were aware that a significant earthquake had taken place based on seismograph readings. However, the extent of the damage and number of casualties was not revealed until 1979, when state-run Xinhua media released the information to the world. At the time of the quake, the paranoid and insular leadership of the Peoples Republic refused all offers of international aid, even from such neutral bodies as the United Nations aid agencies and the International Committee of the Red Cross. Instead, the Chinese government urged its citizens to Resist the Earthquake and Rescue Ourselves. Physical Fallout of the Quake By the official count, 242,000 people lost their lives in the Great Tangshan Earthquake. Many experts have since speculated that the actual toll was as high as 700,000, but the true number will probably never be known. The city of Tangshan was rebuilt from the ground up, and now is home to more than 3 million people. It is known as the Brave City of China for its swift recovery from the catastrophic quake. Political Fallout of the Quake In many ways, the political repercussions of the Great Tangshan Earthquake were even more significant than the death toll and physical damage. Mao Zedong died on September 9, 1976. He was replaced as Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, not by one of the radical Gang of Four, but by Premiere Hua Guofeng. Buoyed by public support after his show of concern at Tangshan, Hua boldly arrested the Gang of Four in October of 1976, ending the Cultural Revolution. Madam Mao and her cronies were put on trial in 1981 and sentenced to death for the horrors of the Cultural Revolution. Their sentences were later commuted to twenty years to life in prison, and all were eventually released. Jiang committed suicide in 1991, and the other three members of the clique have since died. Reformer Deng Xiaoping was released from prison and politically rehabilitated. He was elected Party Vice Chairman in August of 1977 and served as the de facto leader of China from 1978 through the early 1990s. Deng initiated the economic and social reforms that have allowed China to develop into a major economic power on the world stage. Conclusion The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976 was the worst natural disaster of the twentieth century, in terms of loss of life. However, the earthquake proved instrumental in ending the Cultural Revolution, which was one of the worst man-made disasters of all time. In the name of the Communist struggle, the Cultural Revolutionaries destroyed the traditional culture, arts, religion, and knowledge of one of the worlds most ancient civilizations. They persecuted intellectuals, prevented the education of an entire generation, and ruthlessly tortured and killed thousands of ethnic minority members. Han Chinese, too, were subject to hideous mistreatment at the hands of the  Red Guards; an estimated 750,000 to 1.5 million people were murdered between 1966 and 1976. Although the Tangshan Earthquake caused tragic loss of life, it was key in bringing an end to one of the most horrific and abusive systems of governance that the world has ever seen. The quake shook loose the Gang of Fours hold on power and ushered in a new era of relatively increased openness and economic growth in the Peoples Republic of China. Sources Chang, Jung.  Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China, (1991). Tangshan Journal; After Eating Bitterness, 100 Flowers Blossom, Patrick E. Tyler, New York Times (January 28, 1995). Chinas Killer Quake, Time Magazine, (June 25, 1979). On This Day: July 28, BBC News Online. China marks 30th anniversary of Tangshan quake, China Daily Newspaper, (July 28, 2006). Historic Earthquakes: Tangshan, China U.S. Geological Survey, (last modified January 25, 2008).

Top 7 Female Heroes

Top 7 Female Heroes Female Heroes You Should (Not) Know We are used to watching, listening, and reading about male heroes who rescue the world and humankind. However, we should remember that new female heroes are becoming more and more popular nowadays. In the second half of the 20th century, a special genre Wonder Woman presented a series of motion pictures about Mighty Isis and Electra Woman, which appeared on TV and became a sign of that epoch. Unfortunately, they disappeared and were forgotten in 10 years. A new century has brought a new way of thinking and philosophy. Suffragism and feminism have made a new model of the role of women in society. Now, it is hard to imagine the film without female heroes. We have different genres of films and TV programs with a great number of real or fiction female heroes. The struggle between male and female heroes is going on. Find Out More About the Top 7 Modern Female Heroes Whom You Will Probably Like Supergirl and â€Å"Supergirl† One of the most popular and well-known female DC characters is Supergirl. It appeared in action comic number 252 for the first time and became one of the favorite female superheroes thanks to her wide range of abilities flight, superpower and speed, heat and x-ray vision, invincibility and superheating. Melissa Benoist, who plays Kara Danvers, the main hero, appeared on TV series in 2015 and is still very popular. A fiction story about a Supergirl offers us to look at our relationships and behavior. Although it is a fiction story full of supernatural events and moments, it also includes a lot of real-life things. Therefore, this story attracts many viewers of different age. Syd Barrett and â€Å"Legion† Syd Barrett (Rachel Keller), one of the best female DC characters, appears in Legion, a well-known and popular TV series. Syd is isolated and suffers a lot from her ability to switch body and read thoughts through touches. Finally, she figures out that she can get on with Summerland citizens and Davil Haller (Dan Stevens). Soon, she started to learn how to control her power. Then, this female hero realized her mission in the nearest apocalypse. She had a lot of quarrels with Davil because Syd wanted to protect him. Finally, she found another way of salvation. This female superhero created her plan of how to survive in the fiction world called Legion. More than 90 percent of viewers highly recommend watching this TV series with one of the best female DC characters Syd Barrett. Go on reading to find out more about modern and popular female superheroes. Black Canary and Arrow Black Canary Arrow this phrase is so popular nowadays that it is easily recognizable among both teenagers and adults. The character appeared for the first time in flash comics as Dinah Drake; Black Canary Arrow became the favorite TV series for thousands of people thanks to its tangled and interesting plot. The main hero has a particular set of super strengths, such as sonic cry and advanced combat training, which makes her really powerful and influential. Although there are many different characters in this motion picture, we pay attention to the struggle between Black Canary and Black Siren, one more female hero. Their collaboration and temporary union depict Black Canarys will and desire to protect a big idea. Watch and find out more about the peculiarities of main male and female characters. Polaris and The Gifted Lorna Dane (Emma Dumont) and her character have appeared in comics for the first time. Lorna Dane as one of the most popular female superheroes changed through the story. She still has the same super abilities – to stop bullets and make magnetic manipulation that open fences, bring down airplanes, and even kill people. Firstly, she uses her power in different ways just following her thoughts and ideas. Then, she starts to think about the Inner Circle as a place where other mutants are born. She recognized her previous mistakes and was eager to change the current situation. Such Lorna Danes personal features make her one of the best female superheroes. Perhaps, that is why the Gifted still stays extremely popular even after the second season. We highly recommend you to watch a couple of TV series and believe that you will like it since Lorna Dane is not just a female hero; she pretends to depict human life full of diversities, changes, and troubles. We may also meet this charac ter in Disney X-men project. Killer Frost and â€Å"The Flash† The main character Killer Frost is one of the memorable female heroes. She appeared in the comic series – Fury of Firestorm: The Nuclear Man (19) as Caitlin Snow. Many people like her because a lot of them would like to have her ability to manage with cold. Killer Frost can absorb heat from external sources and convert it into waves of cold. Using this ability, Frost Slayer can create objects that consist entirely of ice, and use them both for attack (ice daggers) and defense (ice walls). She can also instantly freeze living beings through physical contact. Also in the series of comics released before the Crisis on the Endless Lands, Killer Frost could subdue men with a kiss. As usual, the plot is tangled, which makes this fiction story about female heroes even more attractive. She was an ordinary girl and fell in love with her university teacher. However, he had no feelings for her, and she was really upset. She went to the temperature chamber and became a creature that could absorb heat and transform it into cold and ice. She named herself Killer Frost and started to fight against men, especially her main enemy Firestorm. Finally, the end of the story is a little bit frustrating and disappointing. She lost the final battle with Firestorm. However, she resurrected as a Black Lantern, and it is a new chance to make a new story about female heroes. This story is a vivid example of how we fight against each other in our daily life. Many viewers may see here more than just a film about female heroes. It is much broader than it seems to be. Elasti woman and Doom Patrol April Bowlby plays Rita Farr in the Doom Patrol, a film based on the comic debut of Elasti-Girl My Greatest Adventure. Rita Farr is a typical female hero. However, she has to become a leader of the other superheroes team Doom Patrol. Her abilities to limit shapes and mass exchange allow her to be strong both as a superhero and a human. She struggles with emotions, which has a great impact on making decisions. There is a strict parallel with a typical woman prototype in our real life where women are usually more emotional than men. It is a hidden sense of this film about female heroes. It tries to make it vivid that our wives, daughters, mothers, grannies, aunts, etc. are female superheroes who are struggling with their fears, emotions, and weaknesses all the time. Although they have all those troubles, they are still female heroes for us. This story is a great chance to reconsider your thoughts and views on the relationship between women and men. Zari Tomaz and DCs Legends of tomorrow. Zari Tomaz is one of the future female heroes. It is a story about a powerful person who can make different air manipulations. This story is a part of the bigger series Legends of tomorrow. Firstly, she seems to be a typical woman, but then she realizes that she is a superhero and someone wants to catch her. The plot is built on the confrontation between two sides. There are a lot of different mentions about different gods and demons who are friends or enemies. Although it is a hero film, there are still some scenes, which represent our daily life and problems.   Why do they chase her? What will happen at the end? You may get to know all these things after watching this female superheroes motion picture. This list of the best female superheroes and female DC characters also reminds us about women who stay heroes even in daily real life full of non-fiction problems and stressful situations.

Security...See below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Security...See below - Essay Example All laptops, cell phones, tablets, and gadget should be checked to mitigate this risk. Another element that is crucial to understand is collaboration with authorities. Airport personal must conduct a due diligence of collaboration with all authorities. They must create a network and collaboration in which all agencies work together to combat terrorism. This is crucial towards fighting domestic threats that are risky to this country. Moreover, a stricter immigration policy along with a solid criminal justice system here in America it would have to include making tighter rules on those applying for visa’s and green cards.   A focal point that all personnel must understand that authentication of identity is also extremely crucial. These background checks are absolutely necessary for traveling and other admin related tasks. A great enhancement in this realm is face recognition software, which can detect criminals when entering airports or even local municipalities. The new policy will ensure that all offenses including prior crimes such as identity theft, fraudulent documents creation, biological threat, and etc. Special issue: Intelligence, governance and the interagency. (n.d.). Special issue: Intelligence, governance and the interagency. Retrieved May 26, 2014, from